The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back pain patients

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise to strengthen the muscles of the hip together with lumbar segmental stabilization exercise on the lumbar disability index, lumbar muscle strength, and balance. [Subjects and Methods] This study randomly and equally assigned 40 participants who provided written consent to participate in this study to a lumbar segmental stabilization exercise plus exercise to strengthen the muscles of the gluteus group (SMG + LES group) and a lumbar segmental stabilization exercise group. [Results] Each evaluation item showed a statistically significant effect. [Conclusion] Clinical application of exercise in this study showed that lumbar segmental stabilization exercise plus exercise to strengthen the muscles of the gluteus resulted in a greater decrease in low back pain disability index and increase in lumbar muscle strength and balance ability than lumbar segmental stabilization exercise in chronic low back pain patients receiving the exercise treatments during the same period.     

Exploring the attitudes towards and experiences of geocaching amongst families in the community

There is a need for physical activity interventions to focus on autonomous forms of motivation to increase uptake and maintenance. Geocaching is a GPS-based treasure-hunt game with potential to increase levels of walking. The study aim was to explore the experiences of a geocaching intervention for people introduced to geocaching. A five-week geocaching intervention took place. Participants (n = 30) were recruited via school assemblies and village posters. Semi-structured telephone interviews (n = 21) were conducted post intervention to determine the participants’ motives, barriers and experiences of geocaching. Geocaching motivators (social activity, challenge/discovery) and barriers (lack of time, problems with mobile technology and unsuccessful trips) were identified. Findings suggest that geocaching is a feasible activity to promote physical activity, particularly among families. Further robust and larger scale trials are required that target sedentary individuals, adopting strategies to reduce perceived barriers to geocaching.     

The Relationship between Self-Efficacy,Functional Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity in People with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted r?=?0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.     

某山区县城学龄前儿童感觉统合失调及其影响因素研究

目的 了解湖北省某山区县城学龄前儿童感觉统合失调(SID)状况及其影响因素,为该地学龄前儿童感觉统合失调的干预提供科学依据。方法 2017年10-11月采用整群抽样,将该县城区划分为东、西、南、北、中5个区,每个区随机抽取1个幼儿园。对抽中的幼儿园3~6岁儿童进行半结构化问卷调查,包括感觉统合能力发展评定量表和基本情况。采用多元Logistic回归模型进行危险因素分析。结果 710名儿童中有396名存在感觉统合失调,患病率为55.8%(轻度30.3%,重度25.5%)。男童和女童相比感觉统合失调差异有统计学意义(χ² =10.688,P<0.05)。在多因素分析中,控制了其他混杂因素后,男童感觉统合失调风险较女童更大(OR=1.636,95%CI:1.177~2.273,P=0.003),膳食情况中吃零食(OR=1.672,95%CI:1.158~2.412,P=0.006)、挑食(OR=1.535,95%CI:1.097~2.147,P=0.012)是SID的危险因素;爱运动是SID的保护因素(OR=0.460,95%CI:0.253~0.836,P=0.011)。随着年龄的增加感觉统合失调的风险越小(OR=0.769,95%CI:0.632~0.934,P=0.008)。结论 本研究显示山区县城学龄前儿童感觉统合失调与性别、年龄、儿童饮食习惯及运动状况相关,应对不同性别、年龄段学龄前儿童采取针对性的防控措施。     

经筋刺法结合运动治疗周围性面神经炎的临床疗效观察

目的：观察经筋针刺方法结合运动疗法对周围性面神经炎的临床疗效。方法：将2014年1月至2015年1月收治的面神经炎患者60例随机分成两组,每组30人,观察组采用经筋针刺方法结合运动疗法,对照组单独采用经筋刺法治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效和症状改善程度。结果：观察组患者治疗总有效率明显高于对照组患者(p<0.05)；按照面瘫类型分组,观察组所分3组患者治疗总有效率显著高于对照组3组患者(p<0.05)；两组患者在治前期,面神经功能评分接近(p>0.05)；在治疗中期,观察组患者评分明显低于对照组患者(p<0.05)；在治疗结束后,观察组患者评分显著低于对照组患者(p<0.01)；观察组痊愈患者治疗完成所需天数为(27.33±2.71)天,明显少于对照组组的(35±1.62)天(p＜0.01)；治疗后两组患者面部表情,眼裂闭合,鼻唇沟变浅,口角歪斜,额纹消失症状体征改善明显,而观察组改善程度明显高于对照组(p<0.05)。结论：经筋针刺法结合运动疗法对治疗周围性面神经炎具有一定临床应用价值,值得推广使用。     

Aerobic exercise suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating dynamin-related protein 1 through PI3K/AKT pathway

ObjectiveExercise, as a common non-drug intervention, is one of several lifestyle choices known to reduce the risk of cancer. Mitochondrial division has been reported to play a key role in the occurrence and transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated whether exercise could regulate the occurrence and development of HCC through mitosis.MethodsBioinformatics technology was used to analyze the expression level of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a key protein of mitochondrial division. The effects of DRP1 and DRP1 inhibitor (mdivi-1) on the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells BEL-7402 were observed using cell counting kit-8, plate colony formation, transwell cell migration, and scratch experiments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of DRP1 and its downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. A treadmill exercise intervention was tested in a nude mouse human liver cancer subcutaneous tumor model expressing different levels of DRP1. The size and weight of subcutaneous tumors in mice were detected before and after exercise.ResultsThe expression of DRP1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly upregulated compared with normal liver tissues (P < 0.001). The proliferation rate and the migration of BEL-7402 cells in the DRP1 over-expression group were higher than that in the control group. The mdivi-1 group showed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of BEL-7402 cells at 50 μmol/L. Aerobic exercise was able to inhibit the expression of DRP1 and decrease the size and weight of subcutaneous tumors. Moreover, the expression of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) decreased in the exercise group. However, exercise could not change p-PI3K and p-AKT levels after knocking down DRP1 or using mdivi-1 on subcutaneous tumor.ConclusionAerobic exercise can suppress the development of tumors partially by regulating DRP1 through PI3K/AKT pathway.